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  2. Al-Andalus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Andalus

    Al-Andalus [a] ( Arabic: الأَنْدَلُس) was the Muslim -ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. The term is used by modern historians for the former Islamic states in modern-day Gibraltar, Portugal, Spain, and Southern France. The name describes the different Muslim [1] [2] states that controlled these territories at various times between ...

  3. Social and cultural exchange in al-Andalus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_and_cultural...

    Social and cultural exchange in al-Andalus. A Jew and a Muslim playing chess in 13th century al-Andalus. Muslims, Christians, and Jews co-existed for over seven centuries in the Iberian Peninsula during the era of Al-Andalus states. The degree to which the Christians and the Jews were tolerated by their Muslim rulers is a subject widely ...

  4. Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_the...

    The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Umayyad Caliphate occurred between approximately 710 and the 720s. The conquest resulted in the defeat of the Visigothic Kingdom and the establishment of the Umayyad Wilayah of Al-Andalus . During the caliphate of the sixth Umayyad caliph, al-Walid I ( r. 705–715 ), Tariq ibn Ziyad departed ...

  5. Literature of al-Andalus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature_of_Al-Andalus

    The literature of al-Andalus, also known as Andalusi literature ( Arabic: الأدب الأندلسي, al-adab al-andalusī ), [1] [2] was produced in al-Andalus, or Islamic Iberia, from the Muslim conquest in 711 to either the Catholic conquest of Granada in 1492 or the expulsion of the Moors ending in 1614. Andalusi literature was written ...

  6. Said al-Andalusi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Said_al-Andalusi

    Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī was born in Almería in al-Andalus during the Dhulnunid dynasty [1] and died in Toledo. His Arab origins came from the tribe of Taghlib and his family had fled Cordova to take refuge in Almería during the civil war.

  7. Andalusi Arabic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusi_Arabic

    Andalusi Arabic is still used in Andalusi classical music and has significantly influenced the dialects of such towns as Sfax in Tunisia, Rabat, Salé, Fès, Tétouan and Tangier in Morocco, Nedroma, Tlemcen, Blida, Jijel, and Cherchell in Algeria, and Alexandria in Egypt. [11] Andalusi Arabic also influenced Andalusi Romance ("Mozarabic ...

  8. Arab Agricultural Revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Agricultural_Revolution

    The Arab Agricultural Revolution was the transformation in agriculture in the Old World during the Islamic Golden Age (8th to 13th centuries). The agronomic literature of the time, with major books by Ibn Bassal and Abū l-Khayr al-Ishbīlī, demonstrates the extensive diffusion of useful plants to Medieval Spain ( al-Andalus ), and the growth ...

  9. History of Andalusia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Andalusia

    Infighting was a constant in al-Andalus due to the conflicting interests of the various racial and religious communities living there. The dominant aristocracy of Arab origin was frequently opposed by Berbers, Hispania-romans, Mozarabs, Muladis, Jews, Slavs and freed slaves from the north of the peninsula or from Central Europe.