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Computed tomography angiography (also called CT angiography or CTA) is a computed tomography technique used for angiography —the visualization of arteries and veins —throughout the human body. Using contrast injected into the blood vessels, images are created to look for blockages, aneurysms (dilations of walls), dissections (tearing of ...
A myocardial infarction ( MI ), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. [1] The most common symptom is retrosternal chest pain or discomfort that classically radiates to the left shoulder, arm, or jaw. [1]
White arrows indicate valid blood flow. The inferior vena cava is a large vein that carries the deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the heart. It is formed by the joining of the right and the left common iliac veins, usually at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. [1] [2]
On CTPA, the pulmonary vessels are filled with contrast, and appear white. Any mass filling defects ( embolus or other matter such as fat ) appears darker. Ideally, the scan should be complete before the contrast reaches the left side of the heart and the aorta , as this may mean contrast has drained from the pulmonary arteries, or require a ...
Blood vessels are the structures of the circulatory system that transport blood throughout the human body. [1] These vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to the tissues of the body. They also take waste and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Blood vessels are needed to sustain life, because all of the body's tissues rely on ...
Disseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC) is a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels. [1] Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, leg pain, problems speaking, or problems moving parts of the body. [1] As clotting factors and platelets are used up, bleeding may occur. [1]
Central venous pressure. Central venous pressure ( CVP) is the blood pressure in the venae cavae, near the right atrium of the heart. CVP reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood back into the arterial system. CVP is often a good approximation of right atrial pressure (RAP), [1] although ...
Frequency. ~ 1 in 15,000 people a year (> 50 years old) [2] Giant cell arteritis ( GCA ), also called temporal arteritis, is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of large blood vessels. [4] [7] Symptoms may include headache, pain over the temples, flu-like symptoms, double vision, and difficulty opening the mouth. [3]