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  2. Habitat fragmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_fragmentation

    Habitat fragmentation decreases the size and increases plant populations' spatial isolation. With genetic variation and increased methods of inter-population genetic divergence due to increased effects of random genetic drift, elevating inbreeding and reducing gene flow within plant species. While genetic variation may decrease with remnant ...

  3. Overshoot (population) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overshoot_(population)

    The most famous example of an ... Carrying capacity – Maximum population size of a ... "The Human Ecology of Overshoot: Why a Major 'Population ...

  4. Landscape ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_ecology

    Landscape ecology has also been combined with population genetics to form the field of landscape genetics, which addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of plant and animal populations across space and time [54] and on how the quality of intervening landscape, known as "matrix", influences spatial ...

  5. Climax community - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climax_community

    In scientific ecology, climax community or climatic climax community is a historic term for a community of plants, animals, and fungi which, through the process of ecological succession in the development of vegetation in an area over time, have reached a steady state. This equilibrium was thought to occur because the climax community is ...

  6. Population genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_genetics

    For example, one analysis suggests that larger populations have more selective sweeps, which remove more neutral genetic diversity. [68] A negative correlation between mutation rate and population size may also contribute. [69] Life history affects genetic diversity more than population history does, e.g. r-strategists have more genetic ...

  7. Disturbance (ecology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbance_(ecology)

    In ecology, a disturbance is a ... greatly alter the natural community’s population size or species richness. [2] ... Wetland ecosystems, for example, ...

  8. Community (ecology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_(ecology)

    A bear with a salmon. Interspecific interactions such as predation are a key aspect of community ecology.. In ecology, a community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area at the same time, also known as a biocoenosis, biotic community, biological community, ecological community, or life assemblage.

  9. Ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology

    A population ecology concept is r/K selection theory, one of the first predictive models in ecology used to explain life-history evolution. The premise behind the r/K selection model is that natural selection pressures change according to population density. For example, when an island is first colonized, density of individuals is low.