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  2. Transmission gate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_gate

    A transmission gate ( TG) is an analog gate similar to a relay that can conduct in both directions or block by a control signal with almost any voltage potential. [1] It is a CMOS -based switch, in which PMOS passes a strong 1 but poor 0, and NMOS passes strong 0 but poor 1. Both PMOS and NMOS work simultaneously.

  3. Gate control theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gate_control_theory

    The gate control theory of pain describes how non-painful sensations can override and reduce painful sensations. A painful, nociceptive stimulus stimulates primary afferent fibers and travels to the brain via transmission cells. Increasing activity of the transmission cells results in increased perceived pain. Conversely, decreasing activity of ...

  4. Synaptic gating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_gating

    Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition of certain synapses has been studied thoroughly (see Gate theory of pain), and recent studies have supported the existence of permissively gated synaptic transmission. In general, synaptic ...

  5. Field-effect transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-effect_transistor

    The field-effect transistor ( FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the flow of current in a semiconductor. It comes in two types: junction FET (JFET) and metal-oxide-semiconductor FET (MOSFET). FETs have three terminals: source, gate, and drain. FETs control the flow of current by the application of a voltage to ...

  6. Logical effort - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_effort

    Logical effort. The method of logical effort, a term coined by Ivan Sutherland and Bob Sproull in 1991, is a straightforward technique used to estimate delay in a CMOS circuit. Used properly, it can aid in selection of gates for a given function (including the number of stages necessary) and sizing gates to achieve the minimum delay possible ...

  7. Pass transistor logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pass_transistor_logic

    Every CPL gate has two output wires, both the positive signal and the complementary signal, eliminating the need for inverters. [9] [10] [11] Complementary pass transistor logic or "Differential pass transistor logic" refers to a logic family which is designed for certain advantage.

  8. Quantum tunnelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling

    Introduction to the concept. Quantum tunnelling falls under the domain of quantum mechanics. To understand the phenomenon, particles attempting to travel across a potential barrier can be compared to a ball trying to roll over a hill. Quantum mechanics and classical mechanics differ in their treatment of this scenario.

  9. Insulated-gate bipolar transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulated-gate_bipolar...

    Insulated-gate bipolar transistor. An insulated-gate bipolar transistor ( IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily forming an electronic switch. It was developed to combine high efficiency with fast switching. It consists of four alternating layers ( P–N–P–N) that are controlled by a metal–oxide–semiconductor ...