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Universal Credit logo. Universal Credit is a United Kingdom social security payment. It is means-tested and is replacing and combining six benefits, for working-age households with a low income: income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), income-based Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA), and Income Support; Child Tax Credit (CTC) and Working Tax Credit (WTC); and Housing Benefit.
Background and themes. The album's title is a reference to the Universal Credit welfare policy. On the album cover, Jeshi depicts himself receiving an oversized cheque for £324.84, which was the value of a monthly Universal Credit payment at the time of the album's release.
Universal basic income and negative income tax, which is a related system, has been debated in the United States since the 1960s, and to a smaller extent also before that. During the 1960s and 1970s a number of experiments with negative income tax were conducted in United States and Canada .
The benefit cap is a UK welfare policy that limits the amount in state benefits that an individual household can claim per year. It was introduced by the Cameron–Clegg coalition government in 2013 [1] as part of the coalition government's wide-reaching welfare reform agenda which included the introduction of Universal Credit and reforms of housing benefit and disability benefits.
[6] [7] [8] There is no universal social credit score or system. The origin of the concept can be traced back to the 1980s when the Chinese government attempted to develop a personal banking and financial credit rating system, especially for rural individuals and small businesses who lacked documented records. [9]
A credit rating agency (CRA, also called a ratings service) is a company that assigns credit ratings, which rate a debtor's ability to pay back debt by making timely principal and interest payments and the likelihood of default. An agency may rate the creditworthiness of issuers of debt obligations, of debt instruments, [1] and in some cases ...
Universal health care. Universal health care (also called universal health coverage, universal coverage, or universal care) is a health care system in which all residents of a particular country or region are assured access to health care. It is generally organized around providing either all residents or only those who cannot afford on their ...
The Flexible Support Fund is administered by individual Job Centres in the United Kingdom. The Flexible Support Fund (FSF) [1] is a fund in the United Kingdom to aid those in receipt of unemployment benefits to gain employment. It is administered by Job Centres [1] and can be used by individual claimants for the cost of travel to interviews ...