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Islam ( Sunni and Shia) Afghans in Iran ( Persian: افغانها در ایران) are citizens of Afghanistan who are temporarily residing in Iran as refugees or asylum seekers. They form the largest percent of the Afghan diaspora. The first wave of Afghans crossed into Iran after the start of the Soviet–Afghan War in 1979.
Over 6 million Afghan refugees were residing in Iran and Pakistan by 2000. Most refugees returned to Afghanistan following the 2001 United States invasion and overthrow of the Taliban regime. [5] [6] [7] Between 2002 and 2012, 5.7 million refugees returned to Afghanistan, increasing the country's population by 25%.
Approximately 780,000 registered citizens of Afghanistan are temporarily residing in Iran under the care and protection of the UNHCR. According to Afghanistan's Ministry of Refugees, the total number of Afghans in Iran is around 3 million.
This year, Iran had sent back 1.15 million Afghan migrants by Nov. 28 — a 47% increase over the same period last year, according to the United Nations’ International Organization for Migration.
Iran hosts one of the largest refugee population in the world, with more than one million refugees, mostly from Afghanistan (80%) and Iraq (10%). Since 2006, Iranian officials have been working with the UNHCR and Afghan officials for their repatriation .
Relations were negatively affected by the 1978 Saur Revolution and 1979 Iranian Revolution and issues related to the 1978–present Afghan conflicts (i.e. PDPA, Mujahideen, Afghan refugees, and the Taliban), as well as Iran's water dispute and the growing influence of the United States in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.
The number of NATO troops present in Afghanistan peaked at 140,000 in 2011, ... 2.6 million Afghans remained refugees, primarily in Iran and Pakistan, ...
An Afghan family from the Pashtun tribe in their home in Kabul. Structure of the population (2012.01.07) (Data refer to the settled population based on the 1979 Population Census and the latest household prelisting. The refugees of Afghanistan in Iran, Pakistan, and an estimated 1.5 million nomads, are not included):