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Categorical variable. In statistics, a categorical variable (also called qualitative variable) is a variable that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of possible values, assigning each individual or other unit of observation to a particular group or nominal category on the basis of some qualitative property. [1]
Qualitative property. Qualitative properties are properties that are observed and can generally not be measured with a numerical result. [1] They are contrasted to quantitative properties which have numerical characteristics. Some engineering and scientific properties are qualitative. A test method can result in qualitative data about something.
Sociology. Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation.
Level of measurement or scale of measure is a classification that describes the nature of information within the values assigned to variables. [1] Psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens developed the best-known classification with four levels, or scales, of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. [1][2] This framework of distinguishing ...
It is defined as. where a is the number of samples where types A and B are both present, b is where type A is present but not type B, c is the number of samples where type B is present but not type A and d is the sample count where neither type A nor type B are present. Q varies in value between -1 and +1.
Sample size determination. Sample size determination or estimation is the act of choosing the number of observations or replicates to include in a statistical sample. The sample size is an important feature of any empirical study in which the goal is to make inferences about a population from a sample. In practice, the sample size used in a ...
Definition: Guttman scale is a data set for which there exists an ordinal variable, X, with a finite number m of categories, say, 1,..., m with m ≥ max j (kj) and a permutation of subjects' profiles such that each variable in the data set is a simple function of X. Despite its seeming elegance and appeal for exploratory research, this ...
In statistics, qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is a data analysis based on set theory to examine the relationship of conditions to outcome. QCA describes the relationship in terms of necessary conditions and sufficient conditions. [1] The technique was originally developed by Charles Ragin in 1987 [2] to study data sets that are too ...
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