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Shear stress (often denoted by τ, Greek: tau) is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. It arises from the shear force, the component of force vector parallel to the material cross section. Normal stress, on the other hand, arises from the force vector component perpendicular to the material cross section on which it acts.
A shear load is a force that tends to produce a sliding failure on a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force. When a paper is cut with scissors, the paper fails in shear. In structural and mechanical engineering, the shear strength of a component is important for designing the dimensions and materials to be used ...
In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to compressive stress and may undergo ...
The maximum shear stress or maximum principal shear stress is equal to one-half the difference between the largest and smallest principal stresses, and acts on the plane that bisects the angle between the directions of the largest and smallest principal stresses, i.e. the plane of the maximum shear stress is oriented from the principal stress ...
Critical resolved shear stress. In materials science, critical resolved shear stress ( CRSS) is the component of shear stress, resolved in the direction of slip, necessary to initiate slip in a grain. Resolved shear stress (RSS) is the shear component of an applied tensile or compressive stress resolved along a slip plane that is other than ...
Shear strength (soil) Typical stress strain curve for a drained dilatant soil. Shear strength is a term used in soil mechanics to describe the magnitude of the shear stress that a soil can sustain. The shear resistance of soil is a result of friction and interlocking of particles, and possibly cementation or bonding of particle contacts.
t. e. In continuum mechanics, the maximum distortion energy criterion (also von Mises yield criterion [1]) states that yielding of a ductile material begins when the second invariant of deviatoric stress reaches a critical value. [2] It is a part of plasticity theory that mostly applies to ductile materials, such as some metals.
The shear rate at the inner wall of a Newtonian fluid flowing within a pipe [2] is. where: γ ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {\gamma }}} is the shear rate, measured in reciprocal seconds; v is the linear fluid velocity; d is the inside diameter of the pipe. The linear fluid velocity v is related to the volumetric flow rate Q by.