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The JPEG standard used for the compression coding in JFIF files does not define which color encoding is to be used for images. JFIF defines the color model to be used: either Y for greyscale, or YCbCr derived from RGB color primaries as defined in CCIR 601 (now known as Rec. ITU-R BT.601), except with a different "full range" scaling of the Y ...
Illustration of the effect of JPEG compression on a slightly noisy image with a mixture of text and whitespace. Text is a screen capture from a Wikipedia conversation with noise added (intensity 10 in Paint.NET). One frame of the animation was saved as a JPEG (quality 90) and reloaded.
Composite image showing JPG and PNG image compression. Left side of the image is from a JPEG image, showing lossy artefacts; the right side is from a PNG image. In the late 1980s, digital images became more common, and standards for lossless image compression emerged. In the early 1990s, lossy compression methods began to be widely used. [14]
Widely used chroma subsampling formats. Chroma subsampling is the practice of encoding images by implementing less resolution for chroma information than for luma information, taking advantage of the human visual system's lower acuity for color differences than for luminance.
JPEG's lossy compression also suffers from generation loss, where repeatedly decoding and re-encoding an image to save it again causes a loss of information each time, degrading the image. Because PNG is lossless, it is suitable for storing images to be edited.
JPEG XR is an image file format that offers several key improvements over JPEG, including: [16] Better compression JPEG XR file format supports higher compression ratios in comparison to JPEG for encoding an image with equivalent quality. Lossless compression JPEG XR also supports lossless compression. The signal processing steps in JPEG XR are ...
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