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Calcium-activated potassium channel. Calcium-activated potassium channels are potassium channels gated by calcium, [1] or that are structurally or phylogenetically related to calcium gated channels. They were first discovered in 1958 by Gardos who saw that calcium levels inside of a cell could affect the permeability of potassium through that ...
The Smith chart (sometimes also called Smith diagram, Mizuhashi chart (水橋チャート), Mizuhashi–Smith chart (水橋スミスチャート), [1] [2] [3] Volpert–Smith chart (Диаграмма Вольперта—Смита) [4] [5] or Mizuhashi–Volpert–Smith chart), is a graphical calculator or nomogram designed for electrical and electronics engineers specializing in radio ...
Fresnel equations. Partial transmission and reflection of a pulse travelling from a low to a high refractive index medium. At near-grazing incidence, media interfaces appear mirror-like especially due to reflection of the s polarization, despite being poor reflectors at normal incidence. Polarized sunglasses block the s polarization, greatly ...
In theoretical physics, a Feynman diagram is a pictorial representation of the mathematical expressions describing the behavior and interaction of subatomic particles. The scheme is named after American physicist Richard Feynman, who introduced the diagrams in 1948. The interaction of subatomic particles can be complex and difficult to ...
Refraction of light at the interface between two media of different refractive indices, with n 2 > n 1. Since the phase velocity is lower in the second medium ( v 2 < v 1 ), the angle of refraction θ 2 is less than the angle of incidence θ 1 ; that is, the ray in the higher-index medium is closer to the normal.
If electrons are free to move along the z direction, the wave function acquires an additional multiplicative term exp(ik z z); the energy corresponding to this free motion, (ħ k z) 2 /(2m), is added to the E discussed. This term then fills in the separation in energy of the different Landau levels, blurring the effect of the quantization.
IK channel. The IK channel (K Ca 3.1), which has a conductance of 20–80 pS, is expressed mainly in peripheral tissues such as those of the haematopoietic system, colon, placenta, lung and pancreas. The K Ca 3.1 channel in red blood cells was the first Ca 2+ –sensitive K + channel to be identified and it has been implicated in a wide range ...
Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is the name of a family of digital modulation methods and a related family of analog modulation methods widely used in modern telecommunications to transmit information. It conveys two analog message signals, or two digital bit streams, by changing (modulating) the amplitudes of two carrier waves, using the ...