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By a slight change in notation (and viewpoint), for an interval [ a, b ], the difference quotient. is called [5] the mean (or average) value of the derivative of f over the interval [ a, b ]. This name is justified by the mean value theorem, which states that for a differentiable function f, its derivative f′ reaches its mean value at some ...
The derivative is a fundamental tool of calculus that quantifies the sensitivity of change of a function 's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input value, when it exists, is the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function at that point. The tangent line is the best linear ...
Calculus. In calculus, the quotient rule is a method of finding the derivative of a function that is the ratio of two differentiable functions. [1] [2] [3] Let , where both f and g are differentiable and The quotient rule states that the derivative of h(x) is. It is provable in many ways by using other derivative rules .
Numerical differentiation. Finite difference estimation of derivative. In numerical analysis, numerical differentiation algorithms estimate the derivative of a mathematical function or function subroutine using values of the function and perhaps other knowledge about the function.
Differentiation is linear. The product rule. The chain rule. The inverse function rule. Power laws, polynomials, quotients, and reciprocals. The polynomial or elementary power rule. The reciprocal rule. The quotient rule. Generalized power rule.
A form of the mean value theorem, where a < ξ < b, can be applied to the first and last integrals of the formula for Δ φ above, resulting in. Dividing by Δ α, letting Δ α → 0, noticing ξ1 → a and ξ2 → b and using the above derivation for. yields. This is the general form of the Leibniz integral rule.
for the first derivative, for the second derivative, for the third derivative, and for the nth derivative. When f is a function of several variables, it is common to use "∂", a stylized cursive lower-case d, rather than "D". As above, the subscripts denote the derivatives that are being taken.
The term differential is used nonrigorously in calculus to refer to an infinitesimal ("infinitely small") change in some varying quantity. For example, if x is a variable, then a change in the value of x is often denoted Δ x (pronounced delta x ). The differential dx represents an infinitely small change in the variable x.