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A global value chain (GVC) refers to the full range of activities that economic actors engage in to bring a product to market. [1] The global value chain does not only involve production processes, but preproduction (such as design) and postproduction processes (such as marketing and distribution).
A value chain is a progression of activities that a business or firm performs in order to deliver goods and services of value to an end customer. The concept comes from the field of business management and was first described by Michael Porter in his 1985 best-seller, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance.
Value-stream mapping has supporting methods that are often used in lean environments to analyze and design flows at the system level (across multiple processes).. Although value-stream mapping is often associated with manufacturing, it is also used in logistics, supply chain, service related industries, healthcare, [5] [6] software development, [7] [8] product development, [9] project ...
A value stream is the set of actions that take place to add value to a customer from the initial request through realization of value by the customer. The value stream begins with the initial concept, moves through various stages of development and on through delivery and support. A value stream always begins and ends with a customer.
Disruptive innovation. An 1880 penny-farthing (left), and a 1886 Rover safety bicycle with gearing. In business theory, disruptive innovation is innovation that creates a new market and value network or enters at the bottom of an existing market and eventually displaces established market-leading firms, products, and alliances. [1]
Smiling curve. In business management theory, the smiling curve is a graphical depiction of how value added varies across the different stages of bringing a product on to the market in an IT-related manufacturing industry. The concept was first proposed around 1992 by Stan Shih, the founder of Acer Inc., an IT company headquartered in Taiwan ...
A global production network is one whose interconnected nodes and links extend spatially across national boundaries and, in so doing, integrates parts of disparate national and subnational territories". [1] GPN frameworks combines the insights from the global value chain analysis, actor–network theory and literature on Varieties of Capitalism.
Vertical integration is the degree to which a firm owns its upstream suppliers and its downstream buyers. The differences depend on where the firm is placed in the order of the supply chain. There are three varieties of vertical integration: backward (upstream) vertical integration, forward (downstream) vertical integration, and balanced (both ...