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  2. Psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology

    Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. [1] [2] Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both conscious and unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feelings, and motives. Psychology is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries between the natural and social ...

  3. Meaning (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaning_(psychology)

    Meaning is an epistemological concept used in multiple disciplines, such as psychology, philosophy, linguistics, semiotics, and sociology, with its definition depending upon the field of study by which it is being used. These multidisciplinary uses of the term are not independent and can more or less overlap; each construction of the term ...

  4. Meaning-making - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaning-making

    Meaning-making. In psychology, meaning-making is the process of how people construe, understand, or make sense of life events, relationships, and the self. [1] The term is widely used in constructivist approaches to counseling psychology and psychotherapy, [2] especially during bereavement in which people attribute some sort of meaning to an ...

  5. Semiotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics

    v. t. e. Semiotics (/ ˌsiːmiˈɒtɪks, ˌsɛm -, - maɪ -/ SEE-mee-OT-iks, SEM-, -⁠my-) is the systematic study of sign processes and the communication of meaning. In semiotics, a sign is defined as anything that communicates intentional and unintentional meaning or feelings to the sign's interpreter.

  6. Hope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hope

    Hope is an optimistic state of mind that is based on an expectation of positive outcomes with respect to events and circumstances in one's life or the world at large. [1] As a verb, its definitions include: "expect with confidence" and "to cherish a desire with anticipation". [2]

  7. Cognitive psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_psychology

    t. e. Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning. [1] Cognitive psychology originated in the 1960s in a break from behaviorism, which held from the 1920s to 1950s that unobservable mental processes were outside the realm of ...

  8. Motivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivation

    Motivation is relevant in many fields and affects educational success, work performance, consumer behavior, and athletic success. Motivation is an internal state that propels individuals to engage in goal -directed behavior. It is often understood as a force that explains why people or animals initiate, continue, or terminate a certain behavior ...

  9. Psyche (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psyche_(psychology)

    In psychology, the psyche / ˈsaɪki / is the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious. [1] The English word soul is sometimes used synonymously, especially in older texts. [2] Psychology is the scientific or objective study of the psyche. The word has a long history of use in psychology and philosophy, dating back to ancient times ...