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Philosophy. In metaphysics, ontology is the philosophical study of being. It investigates what types of entities exist, how they are grouped into categories, and how they are related to one another on the most fundamental level (and whether there even is a fundamental level). [1]
Definition and related terms. Existence is the state of being real, and to exist means to have being or to participate in reality. [1] Existence sets real entities apart from imaginary ones, [2] and can refer both to individual entities or to the totality of reality. [3]
Being and Time ( German: Sein und Zeit) is the 1927 magnum opus of German philosopher Martin Heidegger and a key document of existentialism. Being and Time is among the most influential texts of 20th century philosophy. It had a notable impact on subsequent philosophy, literary theory and many other fields.
Great chain of being. 1579 drawing of the Great Chain of Being from Didacus Valades [ es], Rhetorica Christiana. The great chain of being is a hierarchical structure of all matter and life, thought by medieval Christianity to have been decreed by God. The chain begins with God and descends through angels, humans, animals and plants to minerals.
Dasein ( German pronunciation: [ˈdaːzaɪn]) (sometimes spelled as Da-sein) is a German word meaning 'existence'. [1] It is a fundamental concept in the existential philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Heidegger uses the expression Dasein to refer to the experience of being that is particular to human beings. Thus it is a form of being that is ...
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the fundamental structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of reality but some modern theorists understand it as an inquiry into the conceptual schemes that underlie human thought and experience. Many general and abstract topics belong to the ...
Being and Nothingness. Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenological Ontology ( French: L'Être et le néant : Essai d'ontologie phénoménologique ), sometimes published with the subtitle A Phenomenological Essay on Ontology, is a 1943 book by the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. In the book, Sartre develops a philosophical account in ...
Heideggerian terminology. Martin Heidegger, the 20th-century German philosopher, produced a large body of work that intended a profound change of direction for philosophy. Such was the depth of change that he found it necessary to introduce many neologisms, often connected to idiomatic words and phrases in the German language.