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e. Personality disorders ( PD) are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating from those accepted by the individual's culture. [1] These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are associated with significant distress ...
Personality disorders are often misunderstood and, at times, regarded by the general public and healthcare providers as misbehavior instead of a legitimate mental health condition. However, these ...
Waelder's work and his case study have been influential in the way narcissism and the clinical disorder narcissistic personality disorder are defined today. [citation needed] His patient was a successful scientist with an attitude of superiority, an obsession with fostering self-respect, and a lack of normal feelings of guilt. The patient was ...
A diagnosis of NPD, like other personality disorders, is made by a qualified healthcare professional in a clinical interview. In the narcissistic personality disorder, there is a fragile sense of self that becomes a view of oneself as exceptional. Narcissistic personality disorder usually develops either in youth or in early adulthood.
A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, [6] a mental health condition, [7] or a psychiatric disability [2], is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. [8] A mental disorder is also characterized by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition ...
Origins. Narcissistic defenses are among the earliest defense mechanisms to emerge, and include denial, distortion, and projection. Splitting is another defense mechanism prevalent among individuals with narcissistic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder—seeing people and situations in black and white terms, either as all bad or all good.
Alexithymia ( / əˌlɛksɪˈθaɪmiə / ə-LEK-sih-THY-mee-ə ), also called emotional blindness, [1] is a neuropsychological phenomenon characterized by significant challenges in recognizing, expressing, sourcing, [2] and describing one's emotions. [3] [4] [5] It is associated with difficulties in attachment and interpersonal relations. [6]
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder ( OCPD) is a cluster C personality disorder marked by a spectrum of obsessions with rules, lists, schedules, and order, among other things. Symptoms are usually present by the time a person reaches adulthood, and are visible in a variety of situations. [4] The cause of OCPD is thought to involve a ...