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A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. [1] [2] Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combined without reacting, they may form a chemical mixture. [3]
Reactivity is a somewhat vague concept in chemistry. It appears to embody both thermodynamic factors and kinetic factors (i.e., whether or not a substance reacts, and how fast it reacts). Both factors are actually distinct, and both commonly depend on temperature. For example, it is commonly asserted that the reactivity of alkali metals ( Na, K ...
A basic oxide, also called a base anhydride (meaning "base without water"), is usually formed in the reaction of oxygen with metals, especially alkali (group 1) and alkaline earth (group 2) metals. Both of these groups form ionic oxides that dissolve in water to form basic solutions of the corresponding metal hydroxide:
Chemical decomposition, or chemical breakdown, is the process or effect of simplifying a single chemical entity (normal molecule, reaction intermediate, etc.) into two or more fragments. [1] Chemical decomposition is usually regarded and defined as the exact opposite of chemical synthesis. In short, the chemical reaction in which two or more ...
Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, as they are highly reducing in nature. [2] Notable examples include alkali metals, lithium through caesium, and alkaline earth metals, magnesium through barium . Some water-reactive substances are also pyrophoric, like organometallics and sulfuric ...
Single displacement reaction. A single-displacement reaction, also known as single replacement reaction or exchange reaction, is an archaic concept in chemistry. It describes the stoichiometry of some chemical reactions in which one element or ligand is replaced by atom or group. [1] [2] [3]
In chemistry, an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acid–base theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
Precipitation (chemistry) In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the process of transforming a dissolved substance into an insoluble solid from a supersaturated solution. [1] [2] The solid formed is called the precipitate. [3] In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is ...