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India, officially the Republic of India (ISO: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), [21] is a country in South Asia.It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country from June 2023 [22] [23] and from the time of its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy.
India has the sixth-most sites worldwide. The first sites to be listed were the Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Agra Fort, and Taj Mahal, all of which were inscribed in the 1983 session of the World Heritage Committee. The most recent site listed is the Moidams – the Mound-Burial System of the Ahom Dynasty, in 2024. [3]
The mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the Indian subcontinent. It included cities such as Harappa, Ganweriwal, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan, and Dholavira, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal in modern-day India.
India is one of the most ethnically and religiously diverse countries in the world. The concept of "Indian culture" is a very complex and complicated matter. Indian citizens are divided into various ethnic, religious, caste, linguistic and regional groups, making the realities of "Indianness" extremely complicated.
The history of independent India or history of Republic of India began when the country became an independent sovereign state within the British Commonwealth on 15 August 1947. Direct administration by the British, which began in 1858, affected a political and economic unification of the subcontinent. When British rule came to an end in 1947 ...
India occupies 2.41% of the world's land area but supports over 18% of the world's population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the population [ 51 ] lived in about 638,000 villages [ 52 ] and the remaining 27.8% [ 51 ] lived in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.
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