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An information system ( IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. [1] From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems are composed by four components: task, people, structure (or roles), and technology. [2] Information systems can be defined as an integration ...
Information science. Information technology ( IT) is a set of related fields that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages and data and information processing and storage. [1] IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). [2] An information technology system ( IT system) is generally an information system ...
Management information system. A management information system (MIS) is an information system [1] used for decision-making, and for the coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of information in an organization. The study of the management information systems involves people, processes and technology in an organizational context.
A geographic information system ( GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and software that store, manage, analyze, edit, output, and visualize geographic data. [1] [2] Much of this often happens within a spatial database, however, this is not essential to meet the definition of a GIS. [1] In a broader sense, one may consider such a ...
Information science (also known as information studies) is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. [1]
A hospital information system ( HIS) is an element of health informatics that focuses mainly on the administrational needs of hospitals. In many implementations, a HIS is a comprehensive, integrated information system designed to manage all the aspects of a hospital's operation, such as medical, administrative, financial, and legal issues and ...
Informatics. Informatics is the study of computational systems. [1] [2] According to the ACM Europe Council and Informatics Europe, informatics is synonymous with computer science and computing as a profession, [3] in which the central notion is transformation of information. [1] [4] In some cases, the term "informatics" may also be used with ...
Executive information system. An executive information system ( EIS ), also known as an executive support system ( ESS ), [1] is a type of management support system that facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision-making needs. It provides easy access to internal and external information relevant to organizational goals.