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The National Principles ( Malay: Rukun Negara) is the Malaysian declaration of national philosophy instituted by royal proclamation on Merdeka Day, 1970, in reaction to the 13 May race riots, which occurred in 1969. [1] The incident proved at that time that Malaysian racial balance and stability was fragile.
This led to the creation of the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA), a communist guerrilla organisation which fought for an independent Malaya free from colonialism, and for equal rights for women and all races. New Zealand's first contribution came in 1949, when C-47 Dakotas of RNZAF No. 41 Squadron were attached to the Royal Air Force 's ...
Indonesia, [a] officially the Republic of Indonesia, [b] is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at ...
asean .org. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, [c] commonly as ASEAN, [d] is a political and economic union of 10 states in Southeast Asia. Together, its member states represent a population of over 600 million over a land area of 4.5 million km 2 (1.7 million sq mi). [13]
The member states of the United Nations comprise 193 sovereign states. The United Nations (UN) is the world's largest intergovernmental organization. All members have equal representation in the UN General Assembly. [3] The Charter of the United Nations defines the rules for admission of member states.
Papua New Guinea, [note 1] officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, [13] [note 2] is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia ).
Taiwan, [II] [k] officially the Republic of China ( ROC ), [I] [l] is a country [27] in East Asia. [o] It is located at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party. [42] ^ Chester A. Arthur succeeded to the presidency upon the death of James A. Garfield. [47] ^ Theodore Roosevelt succeeded to the presidency upon the death of William McKinley. [52] ^ Calvin Coolidge succeeded to the presidency upon the death of Warren G. Harding.