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  2. Art Fund - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Fund

    Art Fund (formerly the National Art Collections Fund) is an independent membership-based British charity, which raises funds to aid the acquisition of artworks for the nation. It gives grants and acts as a channel for many gifts and bequests, as well as lobbying on behalf of museums and galleries and their users.

  3. NAACP - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAACP

    The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ( NAACP) [a] is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey, Ida B. Wells, Lillian Wald, and Henry Moskowitz.

  4. Civilization Fund Act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization_Fund_Act

    Civilization Fund Act. An Act making provision for the civilization of the Indian tribes adjoining the frontier settlements. The Civilization Fund Act, also known as the Indian Civilization Act, was an Act passed by the United States Congress on March 3, 1819. The Act encouraged activities of benevolent societies in providing education for ...

  5. Populism in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populism_in_the_United_States

    The People's Party, also known as the Populist Party or simply the Populists, was a left-wing agrarian populist political party in the United States in the late 19th century. [15] [16] The Populist Party emerged in the early 1890s as an important force in the Southern and Western United States, but collapsed after it nominated Democrat William ...

  6. Nativism in United States politics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativism_in_United_States...

    The ideology of nativism - favoring native inhabitants, as opposed to immigrants - has been very common and contentious within American politics for centuries. Nativist movements have been around since even before American independence, and have targeted a wide variety of nationalities. Historically, nativism was present even in colonial America.

  7. Manifest destiny - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifest_destiny

    Manifest destiny was a phrase that represented the belief in the 19th-century United States that American settlers were destined to expand westward across North America, and that this belief was both obvious ("manifest") and certain ("destiny"). The belief was rooted in American exceptionalism and Romantic nationalism, implying the inevitable ...

  8. Nadir of American race relations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadir_of_American_race...

    The nadir of American race relations was the period in African-American history and the history of the United States from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the early 20th century, when racism in the country, and particularly anti-black racism, was more open and pronounced than it had ever been during any other period in the nation's history.

  9. History of the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United...

    The United States Constitution has served as the supreme law of the United States since taking effect in 1789. The document was written at the 1787 Philadelphia Convention and was ratified through a series of state conventions held in 1787 and 1788. Since 1789, the Constitution has been amended twenty-seven times; particularly important ...