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  2. Panchatantra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchatantra

    Panchatantra: Smart, The Jackal Book 1: The Loss of Friends Translator: Arthur William Ryder The Panchatantra is a series of inter-woven fables, many of which deploy metaphors of anthropomorphized animals with human virtues and vices. Its narrative illustrates, for the benefit of three ignorant princes, the central Hindu principles of nīti. While nīti is hard to translate, it roughly means ...

  3. Vishnu Sharma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnu_Sharma

    The prelude to the Panchatantra identifies Vishnu Sharma as the author of the work. Since there is no other independent external evidence about him, "it is impossible to say whether he was the historical author . . .or is himself a literary invention". [6]

  4. List of Panchatantra stories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Panchatantra_Stories

    List of. Panchatantra. stories. The Panchatantra is an ancient Sanskrit collection of stories, probably first composed around 300 CE (give or take a century or two), [1] though some of its component stories may be much older. The original text is not extant, but the work has been widely revised and translated such that there exist "over 200 ...

  5. Panchamakara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchamakara

    Panchamakara. Panchamakara or Panchatattva, also known as the Five Ms, is the Tantric term for the five substances used in a Tantric practice. These are madya (alcohol), māṃsa (meat), matsya (fish), mudrā (grain), and maithuna (sexual intercourse). Taboo -breaking elements are only practiced literally by "left-hand path" tantrics ...

  6. Kathasaritsagara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathasaritsagara

    Kathāsaritsāgara consists of 18 lambhakas ("books") of 124 taramgas (chapters called as "waves") and approximately 22,000 ślokas (distichs) in addition to prose sections. [1] The śloka consists of 2 half-verses of 16 syllables each. Thus, syllabically, the Kathāsaritsāgara is approximately equal to 66,000 lines of iambic pentameter; by ...

  7. Pinglak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinglak

    Pinglak. Pinglak is a character in Panchatantra. It is a lion which is metaphorically called as Pinglak. It is hypothesis and the story is used to compare the real moral and relevant at present also. Panchatantra, a collection of stories which depict animals in human situations (see anthropomorphism, Talking animals in fiction ). In each of the ...

  8. Pancharatra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancharatra

    Pancharatra has likely roots in 3rd-century BCE, as a religious movement around the ideas of a sage Narayana, who much later becomes identified as an avatar of Vishnu. [2][1] The earliest use of the word Pancharatra is found in section 7.1.10 of the Taittiriya Samhita, a Vedic text. [13] The section describes a person going through a ...

  9. Pancha Tattva (Vaishnavism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancha_Tattva_(Vaishnavism)

    Pancha Tattva mantra. Within the Gaudiya tradition, a mantra formed from the names of the five members of the Pancha Tattva is often spoken or sung as a means of devotional worship, or japa. Often, this mantra is sung or chanted prior to the Krishna mantra. [citation needed] jaya sri-krishna-chaitanya prabhu nityananda sri-adwaita gadadhara ...