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Sir Joseph John Thomson OM FRS [1] (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found.
Plum pudding model. The plum pudding model is an obsolete scientific model of the atom. It was first proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904 [1] following his discovery of the electron in 1897 and subsequently rendered obsolete by Ernest Rutherford 's discovery of the atomic nucleus in 1911. The model tried to account for two properties of atoms then ...
The mass-to-charge ratio ( m / Q) is a physical quantity relating the mass (quantity of matter) and the electric charge of a given particle, expressed in units of kilograms per coulomb (kg/C). It is most widely used in the electrodynamics of charged particles, e.g. in electron optics and ion optics .
A mass spectrometer in use at NIH in 1975. The history of mass spectrometry has its roots in physical and chemical studies regarding the nature of matter. The study of gas discharges in the mid 19th century led to the discovery of anode and cathode rays, which turned out to be positive ions and electrons. Improved capabilities in the separation ...
The prevailing model of atomic structure before Rutherford's experiments was devised by J. J. Thomson. Thomson had discovered the electron through his work on cathode rays and concluded that an electric current is electrons flowing from one atom to an adjacent atom in a series. When no electric current is in effect, electrons remain embedded ...
The Thomson problem is a natural consequence of J. J. Thomson's plum pudding model in the absence of its uniform positive background charge. [12] "No fact discovered about the atom can be trivial, nor fail to accelerate the progress of physical science, for the greater part of natural philosophy is the outcome of the structure and mechanism of ...
The anode is the electrode at the bottom. A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) [1] is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes [2] and others around 1869-1875, [3] in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. [4]
Cathode ray. A beam of cathode rays in a vacuum tube bent into a circle by a magnetic field generated by a Helmholtz coil. Cathode rays are normally invisible; in this demonstration Teltron tube, enough gas has been left in the tube for the gas atoms to luminesce when struck by the fast-moving electrons. Cathode rays or electron beams ( e-beam ...
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