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  2. Configuration management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_management

    Configuration management ( CM) is a systems engineering process for establishing and maintaining consistency of a product's performance, functional, and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and operational information throughout its life. [1] [2] The CM process is widely used by military engineering organizations to manage changes ...

  3. Aufbau principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aufbau_principle

    e. In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the Aufbau principle ( / ˈaʊfbaʊ /, from German: Aufbauprinzip, lit. ' building-up principle '), also called the Aufbau rule, states that in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons first fill subshells of the lowest available energy, then fill subshells of higher energy.

  4. Molecular orbital theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_orbital_theory

    v. t. e. In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. It was proposed early in the 20th century. In molecular orbital theory, electrons in a molecule are not assigned to individual chemical bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under ...

  5. Octet rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octet_rule

    Octet rule. The bonding in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ): all atoms are surrounded by 8 electrons, fulfilling the octet rule. The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a ...

  6. Configuration model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_model

    Degree sequence and different network realizations in the configuration model [1] In network science, the configuration model is a method for generating random networks from a given degree sequence. It is widely used as a reference model for real-life social networks, because it allows the modeler to incorporate arbitrary degree distributions.

  7. Space syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_syntax

    Created with Mindwalk 1.0. Space syntax is a set of theories and techniques for the analysis of spatial configurations. It was conceived by Bill Hillier, Julienne Hanson, and colleagues at The Bartlett, University College London in the late 1970s to early 1980s to develop insights into the mutually constructive relation between society and space.

  8. Electron configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configuration

    Electron configuration. In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. [1] For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6, meaning that the 1s, 2s, and 2p subshells are occupied by ...

  9. Systems theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_theory

    Systems theory is the transdisciplinary [1] study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other systems.