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  2. Wikipedia:10,000 most common passwords - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:10,000_most...

    About. If your password is on this list of 10,000 most common passwords, you need a new password. A hacker can use or generate files like this, which may readily be compiled from breaches of sites such as Ashley Madison. Usually passwords are not tried one-by-one against a system's secure server online; instead a hacker might manage to gain ...

  3. Password strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength

    password patterns: Any pattern in a password makes guessing (automated or not) easier and reduces an attacker's work factor. For example, passwords of the following case-insensitive form: consonant, vowel, consonant, consonant, vowel, consonant, number, number (for example pinray45) are called Environ passwords. The pattern of alternating vowel ...

  4. Salt (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)

    Salt (cryptography) In cryptography, a salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. [1] Salting helps defend against attacks that use precomputed tables (e.g. rainbow tables ), by vastly growing the size of table needed for a successful attack.

  5. Consistent hashing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistent_hashing

    Consistent hashing. In computer science, consistent hashing [1] [2] is a special kind of hashing technique such that when a hash table is resized, only keys need to be remapped on average where is the number of keys and is the number of slots. In contrast, in most traditional hash tables, a change in the number of array slots causes nearly all ...

  6. bcrypt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bcrypt

    The bcrypt function uses these inputs to compute a 24-byte (192-bit) hash. The final output of the bcrypt function is a string of the form: $2<a/b/x/y>$[cost]$[22 character salt][31 character hash] For example, with input password abc123xyz, cost 12, and a random salt, the output of bcrypt is the string.

  7. Knowledge-based authentication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge-based_authentication

    Knowledge-based authentication. Knowledge-based authentication, commonly referred to as KBA, is a method of authentication which seeks to prove the identity of someone accessing a service such as a financial institution or website. As the name suggests, KBA requires the knowledge of private information from the individual to prove that the ...

  8. Key stretching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_stretching

    Key stretching. In cryptography, key stretching techniques are used to make a possibly weak key, typically a password or passphrase, more secure against a brute-force attack by increasing the resources (time and possibly space) it takes to test each possible key. Passwords or passphrases created by humans are often short or predictable enough ...

  9. Password - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password

    Password. A password, sometimes called a passcode, is secret data, typically a string of characters, usually used to confirm a user's identity. Traditionally, passwords were expected to be memorized, [1] but the large number of password-protected services that a typical individual accesses can make memorization of unique passwords for each ...

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