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Exponential growth. Exponential growth is a process that increases quantity over time at an ever-increasing rate. It occurs when the instantaneous rate of change (that is, the derivative) of a quantity with respect to time is proportional to the quantity itself. Described as a function, a quantity undergoing exponential growth is an exponential ...
Exponential functions with bases 2 and 1/2. The exponential function is a mathematical function denoted by () = or (where the argument x is written as an exponent).Unless otherwise specified, the term generally refers to the positive-valued function of a real variable, although it can be extended to the complex numbers or generalized to other mathematical objects like matrices or Lie algebras.
In mathematics, a combinatorial explosion is the rapid growth of the complexity of a problem due to how the combinatorics of the problem is affected by the input, constraints, and bounds of the problem. Combinatorial explosion is sometimes used to justify the intractability of certain problems. [1] [2] Examples of such problems include certain ...
Tetration is iterated exponentiation (call this right-associative operation ^), starting from the top right side of the expression with an instance a^a (call this value c). Exponentiating the next leftward a (call this the 'next base' b), is to work leftward after obtaining the new value b^c. Working to the left, consume the next a to the left ...
This extended exponential function still satisfies the exponential identity, and is commonly used for defining exponentiation for complex base and exponent. Powers via logarithms. The definition of e x as the exponential function allows defining b x for every positive real numbers b, in terms of exponential and logarithm function.
The exponential function is the unique function f with for all and . The condition can be replaced with together with any of the following regularity conditions: f is Lebesgue-measurable (Hewitt and Stromberg, 1965, exercise 18.46). f is continuous at any one point (Rudin, 1976, chapter 8, exercise 6). f is increasing.
Power series. In mathematics, a power series (in one variable) is an infinite series of the form. where an represents the coefficient of the n th term and c is a constant. Power series are useful in mathematical analysis, where they arise as Taylor series of infinitely differentiable functions.
To the right is the long tail, and to the left are the few that dominate (also known as the 80–20 rule ). In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a relative change in the other quantity proportional to a power of the change, independent of the initial ...