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  2. Balance of trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_trade

    Balance of trade is the difference between the monetary value of a nation's exports and imports over a certain time period. [1] Sometimes a distinction is made between a balance of trade for goods versus one for services. The balance of trade measures a flow variable of exports and imports over a given period of time. The notion of the balance ...

  3. Income statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_statement

    Sankey Diagram - Income Statement (by Adrián Chiogna) An income statement or profit and loss account [1] (also referred to as a profit and loss statement (P&L), statement of profit or loss, revenue statement, statement of financial performance, earnings statement, statement of earnings, operating statement, or statement of operations) [2] is one of the financial statements of a company and ...

  4. Double-entry bookkeeping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-entry_bookkeeping

    Double-entry bookkeeping, also known as double-entry accounting, is a method of bookkeeping that relies on a two-sided accounting entry to maintain financial information. . Every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a different acco

  5. Accounts receivable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounts_receivable

    Accounts receivable represents money owed by entities to the firm on the sale of products or services on credit. In most business entities, accounts receivable is typically executed by generating an invoice and either mailing or electronically delivering it to the customer, who, in turn, must pay it within an established timeframe, called credit terms [citation needed] or payment terms.

  6. Cash and cash equivalents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash_and_cash_equivalents

    Cash and cash equivalents are listed on balance sheet as "current assets" and its value changes when different transactions are occurred. These changes are called "cash flows" and they are recorded on accounting ledger. For instance, if a company spends $300 on purchasing goods, this is recorded as $300 increase to its supplies and decrease in ...

  7. Accounts payable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounts_payable

    An auditor may decide to expand the sample size in such situations. Auditors typically prepare an aging structure of accounts payable for a better understanding of outstanding debts over certain periods (30, 60, 90 days, etc.). Such structures are helpful in the correct presentation of the balance sheet as of fiscal year end. [9]

  8. Financial statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statement

    Different countries have developed their own accounting principles over time, making international comparisons of companies difficult. To ensure uniformity and comparability between financial statements prepared by different companies, a set of guidelines and rules are used.

  9. Bank account - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_account

    Some accounts can switch between credit and debit balances. Some accounts are categorized by the function rather than nature of the balance they hold, such as savings account, which routinely are in credit. Financial institutions have an account numbering scheme to identify each account, which is important as a customer may have multiple accounts.