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2. Buoyancy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buoyancy

   e. Buoyancy ( / ˈbɔɪənsi, ˈbuːjənsi / ), [1] [2] or upthrust, is a gravitational force, a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid. Thus, the pressure at the bottom of a column ...

3. Archimedes' principle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_principle

   v. t. e. Archimedes' principle (also spelled Archimedes's principle) states that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. [1] Archimedes' principle is a law of physics fundamental to fluid mechanics.

4. Neutral buoyancy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_buoyancy

   Neutral buoyancy occurs when an object's average density is equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed, resulting in the buoyant force balancing the force of gravity that would otherwise cause the object to sink (if the body's density is greater than the density of the fluid in which it is immersed) or rise (if it is less). An ...

5. Lift (force) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force)

   Lift (force) The 1902 Wright Glider shows its lift by pulling up. When a fluid flows around an object, the fluid exerts a force on the object. Lift is the component of this force that is perpendicular to the oncoming flow direction. [1] It contrasts with the drag force, which is the component of the force parallel to the flow direction.

6. Cartesian diver - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_diver

   A Cartesian diver or Cartesian devil is a classic science experiment which demonstrates the principle of buoyancy (Archimedes' principle) and the ideal gas law.The first written description of this device is provided by Raffaello Magiotti, in his book Renitenza certissima dell'acqua alla compressione (Very firm resistance of water to compression) published in 1648.

7. Convection - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection

   Natural convection is a flow whose motion is caused by some parts of a fluid being heavier than other parts. In most cases this leads to natural circulation: the ability of a fluid in a system to circulate continuously under gravity, with transfer of heat energy. The driving force for natural convection is gravity.

8. Vesicle (biology and chemistry) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicle_(biology_and...

   Scheme of a liposome formed by phospholipids in an aqueous solution. In cell biology, a vesicle is a structure within or outside a cell, consisting of liquid or cytoplasm enclosed by a lipid bilayer. Vesicles form naturally during the processes of secretion ( exocytosis ), uptake ( endocytosis ), and the transport of materials within the plasma ...

9. Plume (fluid dynamics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plume_(fluid_dynamics)

   Plume (fluid dynamics) Controlled burn of oil creating a smoke plume. In hydrodynamics, a plume or a column is a vertical body of one fluid moving through another. Several effects control the motion of the fluid, including momentum (inertia), diffusion and buoyancy (density differences). Pure jets and pure plumes define flows that are driven ...