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Erhua. Erhua ( simplified Chinese: 儿化; traditional Chinese: 兒化 [ɚ˧˥xwä˥˩] ); also called erization or rhotacization of syllable finals [1]) is a phonological process that adds r-coloring or the er ( 注音 : ㄦ, common words: 耳 、 尔 、 儿 [2]) sound (transcribed in IPA as [ɚ]) to syllables in spoken Mandarin Chinese.
Jin. Gan. Hakka. Xiang. Huizhou. Pinghua. "Chinese" is a blanket term covering many different varieties spoken across China. Mandarin Chinese is the most popular dialect, and is used as a lingua franca across China. Linguists classify these varieties as the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
e. Romanization of Chinese ( Chinese: 中文拉丁化; pinyin: zhōngwén lādīnghuà) is the use of the Latin alphabet to transliterate Chinese. Chinese uses a logographic script and its characters do not represent phonemes directly. There have been many systems using Roman characters to represent Chinese throughout history.
Written vernacular Chinese. Written vernacular Chinese, also known as baihua, comprises forms of written Chinese based on the vernacular varieties of the language spoken throughout China. It is contrasted with Literary Chinese, which was the predominant written form of the language in imperial China until the early 20th century. [1]
The earliest historical linguistic evidence of the spoken Chinese language dates back approximately 4,500 years, [1] while examples of the writing system that would become written Chinese are attested in a body of inscriptions made on bronze vessels and oracle bones during the Late Shang period ( c. 1250 – 1050 BCE), [2] [3] with the very ...
Written Chinese is a writing system that uses Chinese characters and other symbols to represent the Chinese languages. Chinese characters do not directly represent pronunciation, unlike letters in an alphabet or syllabograms in a syllabary. Rather, the writing system is morphosyllabic: characters are one spoken syllable in length, but generally ...
In modern Chinese varieties, tones that derive from the four Middle Chinese tone classes may be split into two registers, dark ( 陰 yīn) and light ( 陽 yáng) depending on whether the Middle Chinese onset was voiceless or voiced, respectively. When all four tone classes split, eight tones result: dark level ( 陰平 ), light level ( 陽平 ...
A speaker from Tanghe ( Central Plains Mandarin) Mandarin ( / ˈmændərɪn / ⓘ MAN-dər-in; simplified Chinese : 官话; traditional Chinese : 官話; pinyin : Guānhuà; lit. 'officials' speech') is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing ...
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