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Bootstrapping is any test or metric that uses random sampling with replacement (e.g. mimicking the sampling process), and falls under the broader class of resampling methods. Bootstrapping assigns measures of accuracy ( bias, variance, confidence intervals, prediction error, etc.) to sample estimates.
The best example of the plug-in principle, the bootstrapping method. Bootstrapping is a statistical method for estimating the sampling distribution of an estimator by sampling with replacement from the original sample, most often with the purpose of deriving robust estimates of standard errors and confidence intervals of a population parameter like a mean, median, proportion, odds ratio ...
The above image shows a table with some of the most common test statistics and their corresponding tests or models. A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data sufficiently support a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic.
In statistics, the jackknife (jackknife cross-validation) is a cross-validation technique and, therefore, a form of resampling . It is especially useful for bias and variance estimation. The jackknife pre-dates other common resampling methods such as the bootstrap. Given a sample of size , a jackknife estimator can be built by aggregating the ...
The permutation test is designed to determine whether the observed difference between the sample means is large enough to reject, at some significance level, the null hypothesis H that the data drawn from is from the same distribution as the data drawn from . The test proceeds as follows. First, the difference in means between the two samples ...
So, in this sample of 66 observations, only 2 outliers cause the central limit theorem to be inapplicable. Robust statistical methods, of which the trimmed mean is a simple example, seek to outperform classical statistical methods in the presence of outliers, or, more generally, when underlying parametric assumptions are not quite correct.
Bootstrap error-adjusted single-sample technique. In statistics, the bootstrap error-adjusted single-sample technique ( BEST or the BEAST) is a non-parametric method that is intended to allow an assessment to be made of the validity of a single sample. It is based on estimating a probability distribution representing what can be expected from ...
In statistical hypothesis testing, a two-sample test is a test performed on the data of two random samples, each independently obtained from a different given population. The purpose of the test is to determine whether the difference between these two populations is statistically significant . There are a large number of statistical tests that ...