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Learn how to choose the number of observations or replicates to include in a statistical sample. Find out the factors that affect sample size, such as confidence level, margin of error, and variability, and see examples of sample size formulas for different scenarios.
Power is a measure of the ability of a statistical test to detect a true effect. Learn how to calculate power, why it is important, and how it relates to significance, sample size, and effect size.
Learn about the process and methods of selecting a subset of individuals from a population to estimate its characteristics. Find out the history, types, and applications of sampling in statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology.
Learn about Fisher's exact test, a statistical significance test for contingency tables. Find out how to calculate the test statistic, the p-value, and the sample size for a 2 x 2 table.
Tukey's range test is a statistical method to compare means of multiple groups and correct for family-wise error rate. It is based on a studentized range distribution ...
Learn about pps sampling, a survey method where each element of the population has some chance to be selected proportional to a known quantity. Find out how it differs from Poisson sampling and see examples and references.
A confidence interval is an interval that is expected to contain a parameter being estimated with a certain probability. Learn how to construct and interpret confidence intervals for different parameters and distributions, and how they relate to hypothesis testing and bootstrapping.
The sample extrema can be used for a simple normality test, specifically of kurtosis: one computes the t-statistic of the sample maximum and minimum (subtracts sample mean and divides by the sample standard deviation), and if they are unusually large for the sample size (as per the three sigma rule and table therein, or more precisely a Student ...