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Learn about the origin, transmission, and canonization of the Quran, the holy book of Islam, from the revelation to Muhammad to the emergence of written copies. Explore the etymology, content, divisions, and characteristics of the Quran, as well as its role in Islam and Quranic studies.
Quran, also spelled Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, revealed by God to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. It consists of 114 chapters, each with verses, and is written in Classical Arabic. Learn about its history, content, reading, translations and exegesis.
Al-Baqara is the second and longest chapter of the Quran, revealed in Medina over a long period after the Hijrah. It contains various topics, such as law, stories, guidance, and commands for Muslims, and is believed to have the last verse revealed to Muhammad.
The Quran is viewed to be the scriptural foundation of Islam and is believed by Muslims to have been sent down by Allah (God) and revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibreel . Muslims have not used historical criticism in the study of the Quran, but they have used textual criticism in a similar way used by Christians and Jews. [ 1 ]
Al-Fatiha is the first chapter of the Quran, consisting of seven verses that praise God and ask for guidance and mercy. Learn about its background, benefits, virtues, and how it is divided into two halves between God and his servant.
Ar-Rahman is the 55th chapter of the Quran, with 78 verses, and means "The Most Beneficent". It praises God's creation, mercy, judgment and paradise, and contains the refrain "Which, then, of your Lord's blessings do you both deny?"
The study of the earliest periods in Islamic history is made difficult by a lack of sources. [26] For example, the most important historiographical source for the origins of Islam is the work of al-Tabari. [27]
A comprehensive table of 114 surahs (chapters) of the Quran, with their titles, number of verses, place of revelation, and main themes. Each surah is preceded by a formula called bismi-llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm, and some surahs have isolated letters called muqaṭṭa'āt.