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Cardiovascular fitness is a measure of how well the heart, lungs, and blood vessels can transport oxygen to the muscles during exercise. It is an important component of overall fitness and has been linked to numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, improved cognitive function, and increased longevity.
Cardiac index. Cardiac index ( CI) is a haemodynamic parameter that relates the cardiac output (CO) from left ventricle in one minute to body surface area (BSA), [1] thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The unit of measurement is litres per minute per square metre (L/min/m 2 ).
Cardiorespiratory fitness ( CRF) refers to the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity. Scientists and researchers use CRF to assess the functional capacity of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. These functions include ventilation, perfusion, gas ...
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations, and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, [1] moderate-vigorous physical exercise, [2] and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan. [3]
Aerobic exercise (also known as endurance activities, [1] cardio or cardio-respiratory exercise) is physical exercise [2] of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy -generating process. [3] ". Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", [4] and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy ...
Exercise intensity refers to how much energy is expended when exercising. Perceived intensity varies with each person. It has been found that intensity has an effect on what fuel the body uses and what kind of adaptations the body makes after exercise. Intensity is the amount of physical power (expressed as a percentage of the maximal oxygen ...
National Physical Fitness Award. The National Physical Fitness Award ( NAPFA) is a standard physical fitness test for Singaporeans as part of Singapore's Sports For Life programme. NAPFA was launched in January 1982 as a standardised assessment of overall fitness for the general population. [1]
Sports science. Sports science is a discipline that studies how the healthy human body works during exercise, and how sports and physical activity promote health and performance from cellular to whole body perspectives. The study of sports science traditionally incorporates areas of physiology ( exercise physiology ), psychology ( sport ...