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  2. Caste system in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caste_system_in_India

    The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic instance of social classification based on castes. It has its origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially in the aftermath of the collapse of the Mughal Empire and the establishment of the British Raj.

  3. Nadar (caste) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadar_(caste)

    Nadar (caste) Nadar (also referred to as Nadan, Shanar and Shanan) is a Tamil caste of India. Nadars are predominant in the districts of Kanyakumari, Thoothukudi, Tirunelveli and Virudhunagar. The Nadar community was not a single caste, but developed from an assortment of related subcastes, which in course of time came under the single banner ...

  4. Zamindar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamindar

    A zamindar [a] in the Indian subcontinent was an autonomous or semi-autonomous feudal ruler of a zamindari (feudal estate). The term itself came into use during the reign of Mughals, Marathas and later the British had begun using it as a native synonym for "estate". The term means landowner in Persian. They were typically hereditary, and held ...

  5. Channar revolt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channar_revolt

    Higher-class women covered both breasts and shoulders with a piece of material known as the upper-cloth unless in the presence of people of still higher-ranked communities, whereas Nadar climber women were not allowed to cover their bosoms, as most of the women in Kerala, to punctuate their low status.

  6. Upanishads - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upanishads

    The Upanishads ( / ʊˈpʌnɪʃədz /; [1] Sanskrit: उपनिषद्, IAST: Upaniṣad, pronounced [ˈʊpɐnɪʂɐd]) are late Vedic and post-Vedic Sanskrit texts that "document the transition from the archaic ritualism of the Veda into new religious ideas and institutions" [2] and the emergence of the central religious concepts of Hinduism.

  7. Hazur Sahib - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazur_Sahib

    Hazur Sahib [a] ( Hazūrī Sāhib; lit.'presence of the sahib /master' ), also known as Takht Sachkhand Sri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib, is one of the five takhts (religious centres) in Sikhism. The gurdwara (Sikh house of worship) was built between 1832 and 1837 by Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780–1839). [1]

  8. Nair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nair

    Religion. Hinduism. The Nair ( / ˈnaɪər /, Malayalam: [n̪aːjɐr]) also known as Nayar, are a group of Indian Hindu castes, described by anthropologist Kathleen Gough as "not a unitary group but a named category of castes". The Nair include several castes and many subdivisions, not all of whom historically bore the name 'Nair'.

  9. India (Herodotus) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_(Herodotus)

    India (Herodotus) The inhabited world according to Herodotus. In ancient Greek geography, the basin of the Indus River (in northwestern Indian subcontinent, present-day Pakistan) was on the extreme eastern fringe of the known world. The Greek geographer Herodotus (5th century BC) describes the land as India, calling it ἡ Ἰνδική ...