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  2. Human thermoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoregulation_in_humans

    Human thermoregulation. As in other mammals, human thermoregulation is an important aspect of homeostasis. In thermoregulation, body heat is generated mostly in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles. [1] Humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid ...

  3. Homeostasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis

    Urinary water loss, when the body water homeostat is intact, is a compensatory water loss, correcting any water excess in the body. However, since the kidneys cannot generate water, the thirst reflex is the all-important second effector mechanism of the body water homeostat, correcting any water deficit in the body. Blood pH

  4. Acid–base homeostasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid–base_homeostasis

    Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). [1] The proper balance between the acids and bases (i.e. the pH) in the ECF is crucial for the normal physiology of the body—and for cellular metabolism. [1] The pH of the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid need to be ...

  5. Thermoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoregulation

    Thermoregulation. Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different. A thermoconforming organism, by contrast, simply adopts the surrounding temperature as its own body temperature, thus avoiding the need for internal thermoregulation.

  6. Autonomic nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_nervous_system

    The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions, such as the heart rate, its force of contraction, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. [2] This system is the primary mechanism in control of the fight-or-flight response .

  7. Allostasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allostasis

    Allostasis (/ˌɑːloʊˈsteɪsɪs/) is a physiological mechanism of regulation in which the human body anticipates and adjusts its energy use according to environmental demands.

  8. Endocrine system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system

    The endocrine system [1] is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems. In humans, the major endocrine glands ...

  9. Insulin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin

    Insulin is a peptide hormone containing two chains cross-linked by disulfide bridges. Insulin ( / ˈɪn.sjʊ.lɪn /, [5] [6] from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin ( INS) gene. It is the main anabolic hormone of the body. [7]

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