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Main rift faults, plates, plate boundaries, GPS plate velocities between adjacent blocks and minimum horizontal stress directions. The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa. The EAR began developing around the onset of the Miocene, 22–25 million years ago. [1]
The term Great Rift Valley is most often used to refer to the valley of the East African Rift, the divergent plate boundary which extends from the Afar Triple Junction southward through eastern Africa, and is in the process of splitting the African Plate into two new and separate plates.
The African Plate, also known as the Nubian Plate, is a major tectonic plate that includes much of the continent of Africa (except for its easternmost part) and the adjacent oceanic crust to the west and south. It is bounded by the North American Plate and South American Plate to the west (separated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge); the Arabian Plate ...
Plate tectonics map. The East African Rift (Great Rift Valley) in eastern Africa; The Mid-Atlantic Ridge system separates the North American Plate and the South American Plate in the west from the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate in the east; The Gakkel Ridge is a slow spreading ridge located in the Arctic Ocean
Afar Triple Junction. Coordinates: 11°30′N 43°00′E. The triple junction is at 11°30′N 43°00′E, inside the Afar Triangle (at center shaded red). Fault lines are in black, and red triangles show historically active volcanoes. The Afar Triple Junction (also called the Afro-Arabian Rift System) is located along a divergent plate ...
The East African Rift, where three plates are pulling away from one another: the Arabian Plate and two parts of the African Plate—the Nubian and Somali—which eventually led to the formation of the Lwandle plate as well as other microplates. The Afar Triangle, shaded at the center, is a triple junction that separates the three plates. [6]
Red Sea Rift. The Red Sea Rift is a mid-ocean ridge between two tectonic plates, the African Plate and the Arabian Plate. It extends from the Dead Sea Transform fault system, and ends at an intersection with the Aden Ridge and the East African Rift, forming the Afar Triple Junction in the Afar Depression of the Horn of Africa.
The Somali-Antarctic boundary spreading ridge is known as the Southwest Indian Ridge. The western boundary with the African Plate is diverging to form the East African Rift, which stretches south from the triple junction in the Afar depression. The southern boundary with the Nubian-African Plate is a diffuse plate boundary with the Lwandle ...