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Fresco from Dera Nirmala, Tanda-Hoshiarpur. The Sikh gurus (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ; Hindi: सिख गुरु) are the spiritual masters of Sikhism, who established the religion over the course of about two and a half centuries, beginning in 1469. [ 2 ] The year 1469 marks the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism.
e. Ik Onkar, also spelled Ek Onkar or Ik Oankaar (Gurmukhi: ੴ or ਇੱਕ ਓਅੰਕਾਰ; Punjabi pronunciation: [ɪkː oːəŋkaːɾᵊ]); literally, "one Om ", [2][3][4][5] hence interpreted as "There is only one God [6] or one Creator" [7]) is a phrase in Sikhism that denotes the one supreme reality. [8] It is a central tenet of Sikh ...
e. The Guru Granth Sahib (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ, pronounced [ɡʊɾuː ɡɾənt̪ʰᵊ säː (ɦ) (ɪ)bᵊ (˦)]) is the central holy religious scripture of Sikhism, regarded by Sikhs as the final, sovereign and eternal Guru following the lineage of the ten human gurus of the religion. The Adi Granth (Punjabi ...
Gurū Nānak (15 April 1469 – 22 September 1539; Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ; pronunciation: [gʊɾuː naːnəkᵊ], pronunciation ⓘ), also known as Bābā Nānak ('Father Nānak'), [12] was the founder of Sikhism and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. His birth is celebrated as Guru Nanak Gurpurab on Katak Pooranmashi ('full-moon ...
Depiction of Guru Nanak's birth from a Janamsakhi painting. The painting shows the Muslim midwife Daultan, Mehta Kalu (Guru Nanak's father) holding baby Nanak, and lastly Pandit Hardayal The birthday of Guru Nanak , the founder of the Sikh religion, comes in the month of November, but the date varies from year to year according to the lunar ...
Mohammad Mahfud Mahmodin[1] (born 13 May 1957), commonly known as Mahfud MD, [2] is an Indonesian politician, and legal academic who served as the 14th Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs of Indonesia from 2019 to 2024. [3][4] He also previously served as the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia ...
History and development. The Gurmukhī script is generally believed to have roots in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet [11] by way of the Brahmi script, [12] which developed further into the Northwestern group (Sharada, or Śāradā, and its descendants, including Landa and Takri), the Central group (Nagari and its descendants, including Devanagari ...
Guru. The traditional guru–disciple relationship. Watercolour, Punjab Hills, India, 1740. Guru (/ ˈɡuːruː / Sanskrit: गुरु; IAST: guru; Pali: garu) is a Sanskrit term for a " mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. [1] In pan- Indian traditions, a guru is more than a teacher: traditionally, the guru is a ...