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Pierre Eugène Marcellin Berthelot (French: [bɛʁtəlo]; 25 October 1827 [1] – 18 March 1907) was a French chemist and Republican politician noted for the Thomsen–Berthelot principle of thermochemistry. He synthesized many organic compounds from inorganic substances, [2] providing a large amount of counter-evidence to the theory of Jöns ...
Principle of maximum work. In the history of science, the principle of maximum work was a postulate concerning the relationship between chemical reactions, heat evolution, and the potential work produced there from. The principle was developed in approximate form in 1875 by French chemist Marcellin Berthelot, in the field of thermochemistry ...
Thomsen–Berthelot principle. In thermochemistry, the Thomsen–Berthelot principle is a hypothesis in the history of chemistry which argued that all chemical changes are accompanied by the production of heat and that processes which occur will be ones in which the most heat is produced. [1] This principle was formulated in slightly different ...
Léon Péan de Saint-Gilles (4 January 1832 – 22 March 1862) was a French chemist who worked along with Marcellin Berthelot on chemical kinetics and equilibria and attempted a mathematical formulation. Péan de Saint-Gilles was born in a prominent Parisian family, son of notary Amand Péan and Eugénie Jars, and grand-nephew of Louis-Denis ...
In thermodynamics, an exothermic process (from Ancient Greek έξω (éxō) 'outward' and θερμικός (thermikós) 'thermal') [1] is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, [2] usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a ...
Sophie Berthelot. Sophie Caroline Berthelot ( née Niaudet; February 17, 1837 – March 18, 1907) [ 1] became the first woman to be interred in the Panthéon, alongside her husband Marcellin Berthelot. She was the only woman interred in the Panthéon until Marie Curie almost a century later in 1995. [ 2][ 3]
Berthelot's reagent is an alkaline solution of phenol and hypochlorite, used in analytical chemistry. It is named after its inventor, Marcellin Berthelot. Ammonia reacts with Berthelot's reagent to form a blue product which is used in a colorimetric method for determining ammonia. The reagent can also be used for determining urea.
Doctoral advisor. Marcellin Berthelot [ 1 ] Prof Paul Sabatier FRS (For) [ 2 ] H FRSE (French: [sabatje]; 5 November 1854 – 14 August 1941) was a French chemist, born in Carcassonne. In 1912, Sabatier was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Victor Grignard. Sabatier was honoured for his work improving the hydrogenation of organic ...
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