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  2. Water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water

    Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 2 O.It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, [c] and nearly colorless chemical substance.It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent [19]).

  3. Gypsum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsum

    Gypsum is a common mineral, with thick and extensive evaporite beds in association with sedimentary rocks. Deposits are known to occur in strata from as far back as the Archaean eon. [16] Gypsum is deposited from lake and sea water, as well as in hot springs, from volcanic vapors, and sulfate solutions in veins.

  4. Agitated Nutsche Filter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agitated_Nutsche_Filter

    Agitated Nutsche filter (ANF) is a filtration technique used in applications such as dye, paint, and pharmaceutical production [1] and waste water treatment. [2] Safety requirements and environmental concerns due to solvent evaporation led to the development of this type of filter wherein filtration under vacuum or pressure can be carried out ...

  5. Borax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borax

    Borax (also referred to as sodium borate, tincal (/ ˈtɪŋkəl /) and tincar (/ ˈtɪŋkər /)) is a salt (ionic compound), a hydrated or anhydrous borate of sodium, with the chemical formula Na 2 H 20 B 4 O 17 (also written as Na 2 B 4 O 7·10H2O[1][a]). It is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to make a basic solution.

  6. Clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay

    A Quaternary clay deposit in Estonia, laid down about 400,000 years ago. Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals [1] (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4). Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities ...

  7. Rock-cut basin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-cut_basin

    A rock-cut basin is a natural cylindrical depression cut into stream or river beds, often filled with water. Such plucked-bedrock pits are created by kolks; powerful vortices within the water currents which spin small boulders around, eroding out these rock basins by their abrasive action.

  8. Ceramic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic

    Ceramic material is an inorganic, metallic oxide, nitride, or carbide material. Some elements, such as carbon or silicon, may be considered ceramics. Ceramic materials are brittle, hard, strong in compression, and weak in shearing and tension. They withstand the chemical erosion that occurs in other materials subjected to acidic or caustic ...

  9. Sodium carbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate

    Infobox references. Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odourless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it was extracted from the ashes of plants grown in sodium-rich soils ...