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D009619. Anatomical terminology. [ edit on Wikidata] A nociceptor (from Latin nocere 'to harm or hurt'; lit. 'pain receptor') is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals [1] [2] [3] to the spinal cord and the brain. The brain creates the sensation of pain to direct attention ...
Acute kidney injury, shock, septic shock, sepsis, multiple organ failure. In immunology, systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS) is an inflammatory state affecting the whole body. [1] It is the body's response to an infectious or noninfectious insult. Although the definition of SIRS refers to it as an "inflammatory" response, it ...
Group C fibers include postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and nerve fibers at the dorsal roots (IV fiber). These fibers carry sensory information. Damage or injury to nerve fibers causes neuropathic pain. Capsaicin activates C fibre vanilloid receptors, giving chili peppers a hot sensation.
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species ( ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen ( O2 ), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are hydroperoxide (O 2 H), superoxide (O 2- ), [1] hydroxyl radical (OH. ), and singlet oxygen. [2] ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O 2, which is ...
Pain and itch have very different behavioral response patterns. Pain elicits a withdrawal reflex, which leads to retraction and therefore a reaction trying to protect an endangered part of the body. Itch in contrast creates a scratch reflex, which draws one to the affected skin site. Itch generates stimulus of a foreign object underneath or ...
Chemical formula. NO3−. Molar mass. 62.005 g·mol −1. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references. Reactions of peroxynitrite leading to either apoptotic or necrotic cell death. Peroxynitrite (sometimes called peroxonitrite) is an ion with the formula ...
Delayed onset muscle soreness ( DOMS) is the pain and stiffness felt in muscles after unaccustomed or strenuous exercise. The soreness is felt most strongly 24 to 72 hours after the exercise. [1] [2] : 63 It is thought to be caused by eccentric (lengthening) exercise, which causes small-scale damage ( microtrauma) to the muscle fibers.
Inflammation (from Latin: inflammatio) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. [1] [2] The five cardinal signs are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function (Latin calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and functio laesa ). Inflammation is a generic response, and ...