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Computer hardware. Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers. [1] [2]
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations ( computation ). Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term computer system may refer to a nominally ...
Quantum System One, a quantum computer by IBM from 2019 with 20 superconducting qubits. A quantum computer is a computer that takes advantage of quantum mechanical phenomena. On small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior, specifically quantum superposition and entanglement, using specialized hardware that ...
An example of physical security measure: a metal lock on the back of a personal computer to prevent hardware tampering. Computer security, cybersecurity, digital security or information technology security (IT security) is the protection of computer systems and networks from attacks by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information disclosure, theft of, or damage to hardware ...
The application software layer interfaces with the operating system, which in turn communicates with the hardware. The arrows indicate information flow. Software is a collection of programs and data that tell a computer how to perform specific tasks. Software often includes associated software documentation. [1]
A central processing unit ( CPU ), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the most important processor in a given computer. [1] [2] Its electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations. [3] [4] [5] This role contrasts with ...
Information science. Information technology ( IT) is a set of related fields that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages and data and information processing and storage. [1] IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). [2] An information technology system ( IT system) is generally an information system ...
The Kenbak-1, released in early 1971, is considered by the Computer History Museum to be the world's first personal computer. It was designed and invented by John Blankenbaker of Kenbak Corporation in 1970, and was first sold in early 1971. Unlike a modern personal computer, the Kenbak-1 was built of small-scale integrated circuits, and did not ...