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Water is the chemical substance with chemical formula H. 2O; one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom. [25] Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at ambient temperature and pressure. Liquid water has weak absorption bands at wavelengths of around 750 nm which cause it to appear to have a blue color. [3]
Distilled water. Distilled water is water that has been boiled into vapor and condensed back into liquid in a separate container. Impurities in the original water that do not boil below or near the boiling point of water remain in the original container. Thus, distilled water is a type of purified water .
Aluminium sulfate is a salt with the formula Al 2 (SO 4) 3. It is soluble in water and is mainly used as a coagulating agent (promoting particle collision by neutralizing charge) in the purification of drinking water [3] [4] and wastewater treatment plants, and also in paper manufacturing.
Magnesium oxide ( Mg O ), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide ). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg 2+ ions and O 2− ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H 2 O ...
Glycerol is an ingredient in products such as hair gel. Glycerol suppositories used as laxatives. Glycerol is used in medical, pharmaceutical and personal care preparations, often as a means of improving smoothness, providing lubrication, and as a humectant .
Alkali. In chemistry, an alkali ( / ˈælkəlaɪ /; from Arabic: القلوي, romanized : al-qaly, lit. 'ashes of the saltwort ') is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0.
The word "surfactant" is a blend of surface-active agent, [1] coined c. 1950. [2] As they consist of a water-repellent and a water-attracting part, they enable water and oil to mix; they can form foam and facilitate the detachment of dirt. Surfactants are among the most widespread and commercially important chemicals.
Usually hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule of water is added to a substance. Sometimes this addition causes both the substance and water molecule to split into two parts. In such reactions, one fragment of the target molecule (or parent molecule) gains a hydrogen ion. It breaks a chemical bond in the compound.