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  2. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Convention...

    The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ( UNCLOS ), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea Treaty, is an international agreement that establishes a legal framework for all marine and maritime activities. As of May 2023, 168 countries and the European Union are parties. The convention resulted from the third ...

  3. Exclusive economic zone of the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of...

    The exclusive economic zone of the Philippines (Philippine EEZ) mandated by UNCLOS consists of four subzones. [1] It covers 2,263,816 square kilometers (874,064 sq mi) of sea. The Philippines has 7,641 islands comprising the Philippine archipelago. [2] The coordinates are between 116° 40', and 126° 34' E longitude and 4° 40' and 21° 10' N ...

  4. List of parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parties_to_the...

    The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982. The Convention was opened for signature on 10 December 1982 and entered into force on 16 November 1994 upon deposition of ...

  5. Archipelagic state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelagic_state

    Archipelagic state. An archipelagic state is an island country that consists of an archipelago. The designation is legally defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). In various conferences, [1] the Bahamas, Fiji, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines are the five original sovereign states that obtained ...

  6. Scarborough Shoal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal

    [citation needed] In January 2013, the Philippines formally initiated arbitration proceedings against China's claim on the territories within the "nine-dash line" that includes Spratly Islands and Scarborough Shoal, which it said is "unlawful" under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

  7. Exclusive economic zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone

    Exclusive economic zone. An exclusive economic zone ( EEZ ), as prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an area of the sea in which a sovereign state has exclusive rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.

  8. Law of the sea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_Sea

    Law of the sea is a body of international law governing the rights and duties of states in maritime environments. [1] It concerns matters such as navigational rights, sea mineral claims, and coastal waters jurisdiction. While drawn from a number of international customs, treaties, and agreements, modern law of the sea derives largely from the ...

  9. South China Sea Arbitration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_China_Sea_Arbitration

    The South China Sea Arbitration (Philippines v. China, PCA case number 2013–19) was an arbitration case brought by the Republic of the Philippines against the People's Republic of China (PRC) under Annex VII (subject to Part XV) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS, ratified by the Philippines in 1984, by the PRC in 1996, opted out from Section 2 of Part XV by China ...