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2. Sagnac effect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagnac_effect

   The Sagnac effect, also called Sagnac interference, named after French physicist Georges Sagnac, is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is elicited by rotation. The Sagnac effect manifests itself in a setup called a ring interferometer or Sagnac interferometer. A beam of light is split and the two beams are made to follow the same ...

3. Circle bundle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_bundle

   Circle bundle. In mathematics, a circle bundle is a fiber bundle where the fiber is the circle . Oriented circle bundles are also known as principal U (1)-bundles, or equivalently, as principal SO (2)-bundles. In physics, circle bundles are the natural geometric setting for electromagnetism. A circle bundle is a special case of a sphere bundle .

4. Single-mode optical fiber - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-mode_optical_fiber

   Cross section of a single-mode optical fiber patch cord end, taken with a fiberscope. The circle is the cladding, 125 microns in diameter. Debris is visible as a streak on the cross-section, and glows due to the illumination. A typical single-mode optical fiber has a core diameter between 8 and 10.5 μm and a

5. Moiré pattern - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moiré_pattern

   Moiré pattern. A moiré pattern, formed by two sets of parallel lines, one set inclined at an angle of 5° to the other. The fine lines that make up the sky in this image create moiré patterns when shown at some resolutions for the same reason that photographs of televisions exhibit moiré patterns: the lines are not absolutely level ...

6. Speedtest.net - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedtest.net

   Internet speed test. License. Freeware. Website. www .speedtest .net. Speedtest.net, also known as Speedtest by Ookla, is a web service that provides free analysis of Internet access performance metrics, such as connection data rate and latency. It is the flagship product of Ookla, a web testing and network diagnostics company founded in 2006 ...

7. Three-point flexural test - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-point_flexural_test

   The three-point bending flexural test provides values for the modulus of elasticity in bending , flexural stress , flexural strain and the flexural stress–strain response of the material. This test is performed on a universal testing machine (tensile testing machine or tensile tester) with a three-point or four-point bend fixture.

8. Latency (engineering) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latency_(engineering)

   Latency (engineering) Latency, from a general point of view, is a time delay between the cause and the effect of some physical change in the system being observed. Lag, as it is known in gaming circles, refers to the latency between the input to a simulation and the visual or auditory response, often occurring because of network delay in online ...

9. Optical time-domain reflectometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_time-domain...

   An optical time-domain reflectometer ( OTDR) is an optoelectronic instrument used to characterize an optical fiber. It is the optical equivalent of an electronic time domain reflectometer which measures the impedance of the cable or transmission line under test. An OTDR injects a series of optical pulses into the fiber under test and extracts ...