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  2. Patronage in ancient Rome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage_in_ancient_Rome

    Patronage ( clientela) was the distinctive relationship in ancient Roman society between the patronus ("patron") and their cliens ("client"). The relationship was hierarchical, but obligations were mutual. The patron was the protector, sponsor, and benefactor of the client; the technical term for this protection was patrocinium. [1]

  3. Social class in ancient Rome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_class_in_ancient_Rome

    A common type of social relation in ancient Rome was the clientela system that involved a patron and client(s) that performed services for one another and who were engaged in strong business-like relationships. Patricians were most often the patrons, and they would often have multiple plebeian clients.

  4. Hierarchy of the Catholic Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic...

    The Supreme Pontiff (the Pope) is a local ordinary for the whole Catholic Church. In Eastern Catholic Churches, Patriarchs, major archbishops, and metropolitans have ordinary power of governance for the whole territory of their respective autonomous particular churches. Diocesan bishops and eparchial eparchs

  5. Mérode Altarpiece - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mérode_Altarpiece

    This panel was painted earlier than the New York version, and may be the original. [1] The Mérode Altarpiece [A] (or Annunciation Triptych) is an oil on oak panel triptych, now in The Cloisters, in New York City. It is unsigned and undated, but attributed to Early Netherlandish painter Robert Campin and an assistant.

  6. Pub test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pub_test

    Something "passes the pub test" if ordinary Australian drinkers would deem it to be fair. In Australian politics , the pub test is a standard for judging policies, proposals and decisions. Something which "passes the pub test" is something the ordinary patron in an Australian pub would understand and accept to be fair, were it to come up in ...

  7. Ludwig van Beethoven - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven

    Ludwig van Beethoven [n 1] (baptised 17 December 1770 – 26 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. He is one of the most revered figures in the history of Western music; his works rank among the most performed of the classical music repertoire and span the transition from the Classical period to the Romantic era in classical music.

  8. Patronage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage

    Patronage. Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that princes, popes, and other wealthy and influential people have provided to artists such as musicians, painters, and sculptors.

  9. Ordinary (liturgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinary_(liturgy)

    The Mass ordinary (Latin: Ordinarium Missae), or the ordinarium parts of the Mass, is the generally invariable set of texts of the Mass according to Latin liturgical rites such as the Roman Rite. This contrasts with the proper ( proprium ) which are items of the Mass that change with the feast or following the Liturgical Year .