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Conversely, colloquial registers of Hindi and Urdu are almost completely mutually intelligible, and are sometimes classified as one language, Hindustani. Such rankings should be used with caution, because it is not possible to devise a coherent set of linguistic criteria for distinguishing languages in a dialect continuum. [1]
Despite Urdu being Pakistan's lingua franca, estimates on how many languages are spoken in the country range from 75 to 85, [7] [8] and in 2023, the country's three largest ethnolinguistic groups were the Punjabis (making up 36.98% of the total population), the Pashtuns (18.15%), and the Sindhis (14.31%). [9]
Native speakers of Urdu are spread across South Asia. [note 1] [13] [14] The vast majority of them are Muslims of the Hindi–Urdu Belt of northern India, [note 2] [15] [16] [17] followed by the Deccani people of the Deccan plateau in south-central India (who speak Deccani Urdu), most of the Muhajir people of Pakistan, Muslims in the Terai of Nepal, and Muslims of Old Dhaka in Bangladesh.
Islamabad (/ ɪ z ˈ l ɑː m ə b æ d /; [7] Urdu: اسلامآباد, romanized: Islāmābād, listen ⓘ; transl. 'City of Islam') is the capital city of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. [8] It is the country's ninth-most populous city with a population of over 1.2 million people [ 5 ] [ 9 ] and is federally administered by the ...
Sargodha (Punjabi and Urdu: سرگودھا) is a city and capital of Sargodha Division, located in Punjab province, Pakistan. It is Pakistan's 12th largest city by population [15] and one of the fastest-growing cities of the country. [16]
Hyderabad (Sindhi: حيدرآباد ; Urdu: حيدرآباد; / ˈ h aɪ d ər ə b ɑː d /) [4] is a city and the capital of Hyderabad Division in the Sindh province of Pakistan.It is the second-largest city in Sindh, and the fifth largest in Pakistan.
Telangana, with a sizeable Urdu-speaking Muslim population, and Andhra Pradesh [99] has two languages, Telugu and Urdu, as its official languages. Some states buck the trend by using minority languages as official languages. Jammu and Kashmir used to have Urdu, which is spoken by fewer than 1% of the population, as the sole official language ...
Hindi, with the largest number of speakers, is the official language of the government. [372][373] English is used extensively in business and administration and has the status of a "subsidiary official language"; [6] it is important in education, especially as a medium of higher education.