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  2. Population density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_density

    Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers. Commonly this is calculated for a county, city, country, another territory or the entire world . The world's population is around 8,000,000,000 [3 ...

  3. Urban density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_density

    Population-weighted density - a density metric which measures the density at which the average person lives. It is determined by calculating the standard density of each census tract, assigning each a weight equal to its share of the total population, and then adding the segments. Residential density - the number of dwelling units in any given ...

  4. List of countries and dependencies by population density

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_and...

    This is a list of countries and dependencies ranked by population density, sorted by inhabitants per square kilometre or square mile. The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories based upon the ISO standard ISO 3166-1. The list also includes unrecognized but de facto independent countries.

  5. Plant density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_density

    Plant density is defined as the number of plants present per unit area of ground. In nature, plant densities can be especially high when seeds present in a seed bank germinate after winter, or in a forest understory after a tree fall opens a gap in the canopy. Due to competition for light, nutrients and water, individual plants will not be able ...

  6. Normal distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution

    Geary has shown, assuming that the mean and variance are finite, that the normal distribution is the only distribution where the mean and variance calculated from a set of independent draws are independent of each other. The normal distribution is a subclass of the elliptical distributions.

  7. Number density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_density

    Number density. The number density (symbol: n or ρN) is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects ( particles, molecules, phonons, cells, galaxies, etc.) in physical space: three-dimensional volumetric number density, two-dimensional areal number density, or one-dimensional linear number density.

  8. List of states and territories of the United States by ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and...

    New York is home to the most populous city in the country, and ranks 8th among the states in density. Despite a small population, Vermont has fairly average population density because of its small area. Idaho 's population has increased rapidly in recent decades, but its population density is lower than other states.

  9. Boltzmann distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_distribution

    Boltzmann's distribution is an exponential distribution. Boltzmann factor (vertical axis) as a function of temperature T for several energy differences ε i − ε j.. In statistical mechanics and mathematics, a Boltzmann distribution (also called Gibbs distribution) is a probability distribution or probability measure that gives the probability that a system will be in a certain state as a ...