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Relative change. In any quantitative science, the terms relative change and relative difference are used to compare two quantities while taking into account the "sizes" of the things being compared, i.e. dividing by a standard or reference or starting value. [1] The comparison is expressed as a ratio and is a unitless number.
(200% for the first formula and 100% for the second formula). Provided the data are strictly positive, a better measure of relative accuracy can be obtained based on the log of the accuracy ratio: log( F t / A t ) This measure is easier to analyse statistically, and has valuable symmetry and unbiasedness properties.
v. t. e. In mathematics, economics, and social choice theory, the highest averages method, also called the divisor method, [1] is an apportionment algorithm most well-known for its common use in proportional representation. Divisor algorithms seek to fairly divide a legislature between several groups, such as political parties or states.
The risk difference (RD), excess risk, or attributable risk [1] is the difference between the risk of an outcome in the exposed group and the unexposed group. It is computed as , where is the incidence in the exposed group, and is the incidence in the unexposed group. If the risk of an outcome is increased by the exposure, the term absolute ...
In the first formula, if one of the values is fixed (let's say x = 5), then the largest relative difference is for y = -5 (d r = 2), whereas, e.g., y = -10 gives d r = 1.5 (the same as y = 1.25) The last formula (with the average of the absolute values) will always give 2 if x and y have different signs.
In probability theory and statistics, the coefficient of variation ( CV ), also known as normalized root-mean-square deviation (NRMSD), percent RMS, and relative standard deviation ( RSD ), is a standardized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution. It is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the ...
Just-noticeable difference. In the branch of experimental psychology focused on sense, sensation, and perception, which is called psychophysics, a just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time. [1]
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