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The expression "K–12" is a shortening of kindergarten (K) for 5–6 year olds through twelfth grade (12) for 17–18 year-olds, as the first and last grades, respectively, of free education [5] in these countries. The related term " P–12 " is also occasionally used in Australia and the United States to refer to the sum of K–12 plus ...
The Federal Department of Education plays a role in standards-setting and education finance, and some primary and secondary schools, for the children of military employees, are run by the Department of Defense. K–12 students in most areas have a choice between free tax-funded public schools, or privately funded private schools.
From 1945 until 2017, there were ten years of compulsory education under the K–10 system until it phased out entirely on June 5, 2017. Grades 11 and 12 were added on June 13, 2016, as a result of the K–12 implementation four years earlier on June 4, 2012.
In K–12 education, sometimes students who receive failing grades are held back a year and repeat coursework in the hope of earning satisfactory scores on the second try. High school graduates sometimes take one or more gap years before the first year of college, for travel, work, public service, or independent learning.
Primary education or elementary education is typically the first stage of formal education, coming after preschool / kindergarten and before secondary school. [2] Primary education takes place in primary schools, elementary schools, or first schools and middle schools, depending on the location. Hence, in the United Kingdom and some other ...
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It culminates with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district. [1]
e. Primary education in the United States (also called elementary education) refers to the first seven to nine years [1] [2] of formal education in most jurisdictions, [3] often in elementary schools, including middle schools. Preschool programs, which are less formal and usually not mandated by law, are generally not considered part of primary ...
From the 1st to the 12th grade, education is compulsory. Starting in the educational year of 2012–2013, an education reform took effect to bring the compulsory education up to the end of high school. The system is commonly referred to as 4+4+4. United States.