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Ammonium dinitramide ( ADN) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [ N H 4] [N (N O 2)2]. It is the ammonium salt of dinitraminic acid HN (NO2)2. It consists of ammonium cations [NH4]+ and dinitramide anions −N (NO2)2. ADN decomposes under heat to leave only nitrogen, oxygen, and water . It makes an excellent solid rocket oxidizer ...
v. t. e. " Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid " was the first article published to describe the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA, using X-ray diffraction and the mathematics of a helix transform. It was published by Francis Crick and James D. Watson in the scientific journal Nature on ...
Deoxyribonucleic acid (/ d iː ˈ ɒ k s ɪ ˌ r aɪ b oʊ nj uː ˌ k l iː ɪ k,-ˌ k l eɪ-/ ⓘ; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
DNA synthesis is the natural or artificial creation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. DNA is a macromolecule made up of nucleotide units, which are linked by covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds, in a repeating structure. DNA synthesis occurs when these nucleotide units are joined to form DNA; this can occur artificially ( in vitro) or ...
A nucleic acid sequence is the order of nucleotides within a DNA (GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule that is determined by a series of letters. Sequences are presented from the 5' to 3' end and determine the covalent structure of the entire molecule. Sequences can be complementary to another sequence in that the base on each position is complementary ...
The two white spheres represent methyl groups. They are bound to two cytosine nucleotide molecules that make up the DNA sequence. DNA methylation is a biological process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule. Methylation can change the activity of a DNA segment without changing the sequence.
Infobox references. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD) is a coenzyme central to metabolism. [3] Found in all living cells, NAD is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine nucleobase and the other, nicotinamide.
DNA supercoiling is important for DNA packaging within all cells. Because the length of DNA can be thousands of times that of a cell, packaging this genetic material into the cell or nucleus (in eukaryotes) is a difficult feat. Supercoiling of DNA reduces the space and allows for DNA to be packaged.