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East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the African continent, distinguished by its geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the region is recognized in the United Nations Statistics Division scheme as encompassing 18 sovereign states and 4 territories.
The history of East Africa has been divided into its prehistory, the major polities flourishing, the colonial period, and the post-colonial period, in which the current nations were formed. East Africa is the eastern region of Africa, bordered by North Africa, Central Africa, Southern Africa, the Indian Ocean, and the Sahara Desert.
Southern Africa has a transition to subtropical and temperate climates (green and yellow), and more desert or semi-arid regions, centered on Namibia, Botswana, and South Africa. [ 1 ] A map of Africa showing the ecological break around the Sahara Desert. The climate of Africa is a range of climates such as the equatorial climate, the tropical ...
The modern, arid Sahara. The Sahara was not a desert during the African humid period. Instead, most of northern Africa was covered by grass, trees, and lakes. The African humid period (AHP; also known by other names) is a climate period in Africa during the late Pleistocene and Holocene geologic epochs, when northern Africa was wetter than today.
2011 East Africa drought. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS Net) food security projection for East Africa at the height of the drought (July–Sept 2011). Occurring between July 2011 and mid-2012, a severe drought affected the entire East African region. [ 7 ] Said to be "the worst in 60 years", [ 8 ] the drought caused a severe food ...
Historical climatology is the study of historical changes in climate and their effect on civilization from the emergence of homininis to the present day. This differs from paleoclimatology which encompasses climate change over the entire history of Earth. These historical impacts of climate change can improve human life and cause societies to ...
Higher rainfall during the EASR are associated with warm sea-surface temperatures (SST) in the western Indian Ocean and low level westerlies across the equatorial region of the ocean which brings moisture over the East Africa region. [17] The increased rainfall associated with a positive IOD has been found to result in increased flooding over ...
Climate change in Africa. Graph showing temperature change in Africa between 1901 and 2021, with red colour being warmer and blue being colder than average (the average temperature during 1971–2000 is taken as the reference point for these changes). Climate change in Africa is an increasingly serious threat as Africa is among the most ...